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Teachers who hold negative stereotypes about low-achieving or minority students may also expect such students to consistently perform poorly. Students develop valuable knowledge and skills that will allow them to make informed decisions as they become independent citizens. Especially in early grades, the relationship that a child has with his or her teacher has a very important impact on emotional, social, behavioural, and academic adjustment (Pianta 1999). These play a foundational role in socialization, particularly through schools.Modern video games are often a social environment whereby you may play with others and communicate. Adapted from Dreeben, Robert, 1968, On What is Learned in School, Percheron Press, A Division of Eliot Werner Publications, Inc., Used with permission. As he works through arguments on the playground or resolves disagreements at his lunch table, his negotiation skills, problem-solving abilities and self-control develop, reports the Scholastic website. The ongoing process of learning the expected behaviours, values, norms, and social skills of individuals who occupy particular roles in society. Socialization Academics as a group mostly consisted of brains who did well in their studies and extracurricular activities that were academically oriented. Within the outer ring, teachers are also included as exemplars of moral behaviour (see Box 6.1). The majority of these codes tend to focus on issues surrounding dress codes and behaviour toward other students, teachers, and staff, while some include zero tolerance policies. Critics argue, however, that further demarcating tasks as masculine and feminine continues to promote very narrow gender roles (Greig 2003). School as an Agent of Socialization - 570 Words | Essay Example She notes that while dress code infractions for girls typically are focused on body containment (e.g., showing too much cleavage), for boys it is about containing ethnic or racial identities. 2010). The Manitoba Ministry of Education describes Consumer Mathematics in the following way: The Consumer Mathematics curriculum emphasizes number sense, consumer problem solving, and decision making. Resistance by youth to the socialization forces of the school and its inherent power relationships can be expressed in a variety of ways. As noted by Raby (2005), the language of school codes of conduct suggests that young people are seen to be incomplete, at risk, and in need of guidance, a position that legitimizes school rules and their enforcement (p. 73). Arai (2000) found in a study of Canadian parents who home schooled their children that most indicated that they objected to specific parts of public education rather than the institution as a whole. Students will be required to sit still during lessons. However, Brendgen, Wanner, and Vitaro (2006) found that teacher verbal abuse actually contributed to future adolescent delinquent behaviour in their 17-year cohort study in Quebec, which tracked children from kindergarten to age 23. This type of socialization is accomplished through teachers emphasizing the desirability of certain virtues, such as hard work, equity, being nice, and so on. The first of these dimensions is behavioural conformity. Within these two generalizations, however, much differentiation existed regarding the amount of money spent on the clothing. According to Raby, adolescent girls resistance is hard to characterize because it expresses itself within local, micro-struggles working in an oppositional but sporadic, diffuse, and localized manner (p. 148). There are many new behaviours and experiences that children must adapt to when starting school for the first time. Young people tend to build their social identities around specific peer groups, particularly in adolescence. Davies and Aurini (2003) argue that Canadian parents who home schooled advocated for pedagogical individualismin other words, home schooling allowed them to cater to their childs individual learning styles and interestssomething that would not be possible in a classroom of 25 (or more) students. If theyre breaking what theyre saying it means nothing to us then.1 A student at the competition shot a video of the dance which quickly became an internet sensation accompanied by much public moral outrage. Social Many of these features of the core can be understood as not only socializing children into being students, but also preparing them for life as adults within bureaucracies. They also tended to be popular. Figure 6.3 summarizes the major forces of socialization within schools that were discussed. How will they learn to work in groups and socialize with other students in a learning environment and form co-operative relationships with their peers? Streaming not only serves to increase the efficiency of teaching and classroom management, but also results in social groupings of students that have significant social meaning within and outside of the school. They rejected the image presented by the preppy and popular girls, who, according to the skater girls, spent their leisure time shopping for fashionable, sexy clothing; applying makeup; flirting with boys; and talking about fashion and popular music (p. 145). These agents include the family, education, religion, peer groups, and the media, and they all play a significant role in shaping an individual's beliefs, values, and behaviors. In terms of outreach, students must participate weekly (Wednesdays between 9 a.m. and 12 p.m.) in a community volunteer activity for which they receive no payment. Current practices appear to reflect the desire to create obedient future employees or citizens (Raby 2005). What were the characteristics of popular students? What is the Value of a Liberal Arts Degree? Want to create or adapt books like this? Examples the expected responsibilities, rights, and behaviours of teachers, school staff, and parents (in addition to students) and are worded in a manner that emphasizes co-operation and tolerance rather than solely focusing on punishments for rule infractions; recourses for students who wish to appeal rules (Lewis 1999; Raby 2008; Schimmel 2003). Concept in social psychology in which preconceived ideas about how someone will act cause that person to act in such a way, even if the belief about that person was initially As noted by the authors of these studies, such findings also suggest that zero tolerance policies that result in the suspension of problem students may be doing additional damage as they serve to severely weaken the bond that a child has with his or her school (Sprott, Jenkins, and Doob 2005). The home schooled comprise about one percent of student population in Canada (Hepburn 2001). Socialization in the Schooling Process Sociology of Education Instead of occurring in the public sphere, girls resistance was contained to private spaces to avoid the risk of being criticized. The findings suggest that at-risk children may be socialized into a cycle of negative interactions with teachers, which may not only contribute to their future delinquency but also reduce their academic performance. Children who are accepted by their peers tend to have a more safe school environment, while those who have been rejected by their peers are at a greater risk of targeted harassment and bullying (Wentzel and Looney 2006). In many provinces, courses in math, science, and English are divided into those that lead to post-secondary education options (e.g., university) and those that do not. They also found significant differences by province: students from Saskatchewan were much more likely to have university options than those in British Columbia, Alberta, or Ontario. A child must develop skills that allow him or her to function socially, emotionally, and intellectually within the school environment. Such reading materials functioned as a type of social or cultural capital within their groups of friends. Research in Quebec has similarly found that when parents were asked why they home schooled, very rarely did they give reasons associated with religious or political beliefs (Brabant, Bourdon, and Jutras 2003). Religion. Socialization in the Schooling Process Sociology of Education All of these examples require the student to self-regulate his or her bodys physical actions in ways that the child may not have had to do in a family setting. Socialization Developmental socialization This type of socialization involves a learning process wherein the focus in on developing our social skills. What problems are being identified? Socialization is a twofold process occurring at both the social and individual levels that accomplish two main goals. The school, like Won Ska, has a high retention rate. One final agent of socialization is religion, discussed further in The findings of research on the impact of school uniforms on school safety has, in general, not supported the premise of reduced behavioural problems in students (Han 2010) or school achievement (Yeung 2009). The outer ring consists of implicit moral instruction, where students are provided with moral exemplars in more sophisticated ways, such as through the curriculum of history and literature. As noted in an official Alberta Education document: Whether they are conscious of it or not, schools are involved in teaching cultural and societal mores and values and in shaping students ideas about what constitutes good behaviour (Alberta Education 2005:1). Such embedded practices are lining up, doing homework, taking tests, and being evaluated. In other words, inherent to such arguments are notions that only men can teach to male students and that the loss of males from the profession and the subsequent lowering of boys scores relative to girls is evidence of how feminization of the school is harming boys (Froese-Germain 2006). How do the Curricula of Different Provinces Compare on Controversial Subjects? 2007). The previous chapter discussed curriculum and how the content of schooling is closely associated with the social construction of what various groups (teachers, school administrators, parents) think children should be taught. In order to address the boy problem, the Ontario Ministry of Education has created guides for improving boys literacy.8 Booklets called Me Read? Box 6.4 Alternative Approaches to School Rules. (Ontario Ministry of Education 2009) were circulated to teachers in order to put creative strategies in place for improving boys literacy. 2010). What are some examples of streaming? Streaming is a topic that is hotly debated (Loveless 1999). Recall from Chapter 2 that Boudon discussed how secondary effectslike the aforementioned characteristicscan impact on educational attainment because they influence the types of educational choices made by a student and his or her family. In contrast, the English language arts academic trajectory in Alberta is ELA 10-1, 20-1, and 30-1 [which] provides a more in-depth study of text in terms of textual analysis. The peer groupconsists of individuals of a similar age and social identity. Recognizing that such negative peer interactions can have a profound impact on childhood socialization and later-life well-being (Canadian Council on Learning 2008), many schools have adopted strict anti-bullying policies that are incorporated into their school rules. The term streaming is typically used to apply to formal processes of splitting students into ability groupings and is usually discussed in a manner that focuses on the individual student. School uniforms became more widely implemented in the public school system in the United States in the 1980s and 1990s when school policies were put in place in an effort to control gang activities and increase safety at schools (Han 2010). 1.3: Methods of Socialization - Social Sci LibreTexts Although the mitigating factors clause was supposed to protect such students, the statistics indicated otherwise. Obviously, students in schools are expected to follow the school codes or face some type of reprimand. It was emphasized that children have to learn how to be students and that the teacher is largely in charge of not only subject-specific education, but also the teaching of morals and values. This curriculum is intended as preparation for calculus at the university level.. In Chapter 2, Meads theory of development of the self was discussed. Peer rejection refers to the failure of children to be socially accepted by their peers. Socialization Research Paper The sense of belonging to a school community; can influence behavioural outcomes in students. Homeschool Socialization: How to Keep Your Child Connected An applied stream is called Consumer Mathematics, while the academic stream is called Pre-calculus Mathematics. They were also more likely to be married. For females, clothes that reveal too much of the body are explicitly banned, while for males, styles of dress associated with hip-hop music (i.e., being able to see boxer shorts above the waistband of a males jeans) are targeted. If your child is stressed by harmful actions of a school bully or experiences frequent conflicts, his socialization experience can deteriorate quickly. The staff keep track of who is earning the bears, and perhaps more importantly, who is not. So far, it has been argued that children must adapt to features of school that are much different from their family environments. The development of the generalized other, where a child learns to adopt the attitudes of the wider society, occurs in secondary socialization. Box 6.3 Zero Tolerance Policies in Canadian Schools. Socialization: Social institutions provide the structure within which individuals learn the norms and values of society. Rules that students opposed were those that seemed pointless and arbitrary, particularly those around dress codes (Raby 2005). Beattie (2004) also did research on an alternative school in Toronto called the Corktown Community High School. In February of 2011, news broke that a six-year-old boy in Laval, Quebec, had been excluded from a school teddy bear contest because he had a plastic sandwich bag in his lunch, which violated the school rules on environmentally friendly lunch containers.5 Many environmental initiatives have been adopted by schools across Canada. Pomerantz argues that dress codes are not simply neutral school policies; they also impact on the creation of gender, sexuality, and race. As noted by Sweet et al. Not all post-secondary institutions, however, accept ELA 30-2 for entry. In a study of 226 Canadian adults who had been home schooled as children, Van Pelt, Allison, and Allison (2009) explored how these individuals compared to a more general population of adult Canadians. The exceptions, of course, are private schools and many Catholic schools, where uniforms are traditional. Social Stratification In Education The overall socialization of children, as theorized by Bronfenbrenner (see Chapter 2), is dispersed into various realms which focus on the different sites of social context that children experience in their lives. The self-fulfilling prophecyis a term coined by sociologist Robert Merton in 1948 and refers to situations in which preconceived ideas about how someone will act cause that person to act in such a way, even if the belief about that person was initially incorrect.11 Riley and Ungerleider (2008) found that pre-service Canadian teachers rated the student records of those they were led to believe were Aboriginal less favourably compared to identical student records of those identified as non-Aboriginal, suggesting that teachers do alter their perceptions of students based on fixed characteristics. School sports are another area that can cultivate gender stereotypes. What kinds of peer groups existed in your high school? In many ways, the teacher serves as a parental replacement during school hours, although this figure must be shared with many other children and the relationship is more emotionally distant. She notes that personal style is very much at the heart of social identities and how a girl presents her body is akin to her social skin. While Pomerantz was collecting her data between 2002 and 2003, there were two particular uniforms for girls at East Side Highthe Britney look and the JLo look, named after pop music icons Britney Spears and Jennifer Lopez, respectively. As noted earlier in this chapter, students with social and emotional disabilities are more likely to be punished under school disciplinary codes of conduct. 2010). (2007), many social identity groups among peers are still strongly associated with socioeconomic background (i.e., the popular kids and jocks often come from the higher social classes, while the deviants come from the lower social classes). Socializationrefers to the ongoing process of learning the expected behaviours, values, norms, and social skills of individuals who occupy particular roles in society. Secondary socialization refers to the social learning that children undergo when they enter other social institutions, like school. Justifications for student dress codes often centre on arguments about maintaining a desirable school image, respect of ones self and others, and preventing distractions (Raby 2010). As well, much flexibility exists in the structure and content of courses as they are shaped by student interest. Schools which have vague and inconsistently enforced rules and ambiguous responses to rule-breaking, teachers and administration who do not agree on rules, and students who do not believe that the rules are legitimate are typically associated with higher discipline problems and have a poor school climate (Welsh et al. Being presented with that curriculum is one way that children are socialized into becoming desirable members of the public. Critics such as Greig (2003) argue that single-sex settings reinforce traditional gender roles and stereotypes that encourage teachers to treat boys and girls differently. Even when accounting for numerous childhood risk factors such as social class of origin, gender, and antisocial behaviour, having been verbally abused by a teacher in early childhood was associated with behavioural problems in adulthood. Incorporating technology into the classroom has also been suggested as a way to improve boys reading achievement, particularly through the use of the internet. The term streaming(also known as tracking) refers to the series of courses a student should take that best matches his or her abilities and aptitudes. WebSocialization is the process by which people learn the culture of their society (Chambliss and Eglitis 87). Codes of conduct are of particular interest because they have been created under the auspices of improving school safety. The athletes consisted of jocks, members of sports teams, and cheerleaders. Children who are home schooled do not attend formal school and are taught usually by a parent in the home environment. Some explanations of this biological destiny are based on evolutionary theory (Geary 1996), hormonal differences (Kimura and Hampson 1994), and brain physiology (Baron-Cohen 2003), all suggesting that the basis of differential performance by sex was based on some feature of the brain that was unchangeable.